闪存(NAND Flash)因制程技术的差异而有不同的抹写次数(Program/erase cycle)限制。对单一区块(block)不断重复地写入和抹除,会因为过度使用造成读写速度变慢,严重者甚至会损坏而产生坏块(bad block)。
均衡磨损技术(Wear Leveling)则能使储存装置中的每个NAND flash区块平均地被使用,避免数据仅在特定区块做写入及抹除而提早损坏,导致整个设备(例如SSD、随身盘、存储卡等)因坏块过多而无法使用。
控制器通过固件的均衡磨损算法,将写入数据平均分配到所有区块,可平均控制每一区块的抹写次数,以避免特定区块的过度使用;让闪存的每一区块都能达到其耐久限制,进而延长使用寿命。
均衡磨损技术的优点有:
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